Зміст та структура понятійного конструкту «інженерне мислення інженерів-машинобудівників»

Abstract

У статті досліджено зміст та структуру понятійного конструкту «інженерне мислення інженерів ма- шинобудівної галузі». При розгляді особливостей інженерного мислення автором виділені декілька тенденцій.

Процес професійної підготовки майбутніх інженерів машинобудування вимагає особливої уваги до формування у них інженерного мислення, здатного забезпечити дотримання виділених принципів інженерної діяльності.

Послідовне застосування компетентнісного підходу до професійної підготовки майбутніх інженерів- машинобудівників дозволило виділити базові компетенції, необхідні для сучасного інженера, серед яких одне з

перших місць посідає високий рівень сформованості інженерного мислення. The content and structure of the conceptual construct “Engineering thinking of engineers at machine-building in- dustry” are highlighted in the article. There are several directions of considering the characteristics of engineering think- ing. The first direction is related to distinguishing the certain features (or their various combinations) which characterize

the performance of practical engineering activity. The second direction is associated with the explanation of peculiari- ties of engineering thinking, the level of technical knowledge and methods of its acquisition (first of all, the importance

of the knowledge in physics, engineering mechanics is indicated). According to the third direction, the basis of engi- neering thinking is associated with some common human abilities in their expression while solving engineering prob- lems. As a mental process engineering thinking has a three-component structure: concept - image - action with their

complex interactions. Engineering thinking is a special kind of thinking that is formed and detected while solving engi- neering problems, which allows to solve tasks quickly, accurately and originally; these tasks are designed to meet tech- nical needs in knowledge, methods and techniques to create technical means and organization of technologies in ma- chine-building industry and has the following structure: technical thinking, which is considered as an ability to analyze

the structure, contents and working principles of technical objects in the changed conditions; constructive thinking, which is explained as the building of the model of a problem or task solution, which includes the ability to combine theory with practice; research thinking is understood as a definition of novelty in the problem, the ability to associate it with the known classes of problems, the ability to argue own actions, results and draw conclusions. The training process

for future engineers at machine-building industry requires special attention to the formation of their engineering think- ing that is able to provide them with principles of engineering activity mentioned in this article.