Гендерні особливості самоставлення підлітків

Abstract

The article examines the peculiarities of adolescents’ attitude toward themselves with the regard to their gender differences. The purpose of the article is the theoretical and empirical study of psychological peculiarities of attitude of adolescents with different gender and role behavior toward themselves and the impact of gender identity on attitude of adolescents of different genders toward themselves. In order to reveal the psychological peculiarities of attitude of ado- lescents with different gender and role behavior toward themselves, the empirical study has been carried out at the pre- mises of Poltava special comprehensive school № 3. 165 pupils of 7-9 forms took part in the study. For the purpose of the study the methodology of investigating gender roles was chosen to determine the kinds of adolescents’ gender and role behavior (masculine, feminine, androgenous, undifferential). Personality questionnaire of children’s self-concept was used to determine the general level of attitude toward self and different aspects of adolescents’ self-esteem accord- ing to such criteria as “Behaviour”, “Communication”, “Intelligence”, “Present situation at school”, “Appearance and Sex Appeal”, “Anxiety”, “Happiness and Satisfaction”, “Position in a family”, “Self-confidence”. Summarizing the results of the empirical study, it can be concluded that adolescent’s gender identity, which is manifested in certain kinds of gender role, is the factor of impact on some demonstrations of adolescents’ attitude toward themselves. It means that forming their self-awareness, attitude toward self and self-esteem is tightly connected to the formation of gender identi- ty and regarding oneself as a member of a certain gender, which is formed under the impact of gender stereotypes and gender typed upbringing in a family. Стаття присвячена вивченню особливостей самоставлення підлітків з урахуванням їх гендерних відмінностей. Розкрито психологічні основи понять «самоставлення», «гендер» і «гендерна роль». Розглядається специфіка когнітивного, афективного і поведінкового компонентів самоставлення підлітків. Виділено основні значущі відмінності самоставлення підлітків різної статі. Представлені результати проведеного емпіричного дослідження особливостей самоставлення підлітків з різними типами гендерних ролей.