Інтелектуальні здібності спортсменів-підлітків як фактор успіху в ударних видах єдиноборств

Abstract

У статті розглянуті інтелектуальні здібності підлітків в ударних видах єдиноборств, які виступають факторами успішності у діяльності. Розкриваються поняття: інтелект, інтелектуальні здібності, когнітивні процеси. Визначаються вимоги до інтелектуальної підготовки спортсменів, види інтелектуальних здібностей. Виділяються психофізичні особливості діяльності спортсмена-підлітка в ударних видах єдиноборств. Teenage athlete’s intellectual abilities as success factor in striking martial arts were considered in the paper. The definitions of such notions as intelligence, intellectual abilities and cognitive processes were provided. The require-ments to athletes’ mental training and types of their intellectual abilities were determined. The list of requirements to teenage athletes training in striking martial arts was worked out. It was noted that intellectual abilities are of great im-portance in the activity of teenage athletes in striking martial arts; they are considered to be as a success factor. Intelli-gence is represented as general cognitive ability for solving problems. It is connected with other abilities and determines the success of any activity. The concept of intellectual abilities includes the developmental quotients of cognitive processes such as thinking, perception, attention and memory. These abilities depend on individually psychological and physiological changes, age. The specific character of teenage athletes’ psychic cognitive processes should be taken in consideration when working out the structure of their intellectual training aimed at developing athletes’ intellectual abil-ities. The main psychophysical features of an athlete in striking martial arts are the following: sense of distance, sense of time, orienting in the ring, sense of body position, sense of movements freedom, sense of strike. Intellectual abilities of teenagers in striking martial arts have impact on the success of different types of training, such as physical, psycho-logical, theoretical, tactical and technical. The important types of intellectual abilities are spatial, bodily kinesthetic, logical and mathematical, and individual. Teenage-athletes’ intellectual development depends on their own efforts when mastering new information and coach’s help and exactingness.