Concept of national innovation systems. Role of government in innovation policy: practice of Azerbaijan

Abstract

The key topicality of the article is involved in what is the key role of the Concept of National Innovation Systems in the government's innovation policy, and actions that are considered necessary to be taken by the government in this sphere are involved in analysis. The article broadly discusses drafting of new development strategies and concepts, determination of fundamental development pillars, and making of the conceptual approach to economic and political events a political necessity in order to realize the national targets planned for the modern postindustrial stage in developing countries, including Azerbaijan by considering rapid development trends taking place globally, and to establish a modern society. It has become the key goal of the article. The empirical and theoretical-conceptual approaches and the methods of comparative and systematical analysis of scientific materials available in this sphere are applied in studying of the problem. The key finding in the article is that the National Innovation System may be considered a sum of the full available ‘capital' of the government, which is used in implementation of the innovation process. The harmony of the government, business and science is a foundation that ensures the operation of the NIS itself in this system. It should be pointed out that namely the government plays the leading role in this political-legal process. And in Azerbaijan, the national innovation system should not only ensure development of the knowledge-based economy, but also making of the country an equal participant of the global innovation process. Generally, solution of the following questions may be considered necessary to form the national innovation system and realize the strengths of the innovational development: there is a need for establishment of legal framework for formation of a relevant technological economic environment for innovational development; elaboration of state programs for protection and management of intellectual property; development and implementation of state programs for development of the material and technical bases for science; and development of state programs for protection and management of intellectual property.