Радикалізація європейського політичного життя міжвоєнного періоду: націоналізм, фашизм, нацизм

Abstract

Recently, nationalism is an important factor in the life of European countries. At the same time, the negative stereotypes about nationalism are hindered carry out objective scientific research. There is identification of nationalism with Fascism and Nazism among these stereotypes. Radicalization of nationalism and the formation of Fascism and Nazism fall into the interwar period of the twentieth century. Thus, the purpose of the article is to study the differ- ences between these ideological and political currents in the interwar period. To achieve this goal, the following methods are used in the article: systemic, structural-functional, comparative analysis. The author has established that the conditions for the radicalization of nationalism and the emergence of Fascism and Nazism were formed by the Versailles system of world order. It is shown that Fascism and Nazism have common features. But they are also distinguish by the central component of their ideological systems – etatism and racism. At the same time, they are both ideological and political trends, different from nationalism. The main ideological category of nationalism is a nation.