Сутнісні характеристики самодостатності: досвід діагностики

Abstract

У статті розкрито проблему діагностування сутнісних характеристик самодостатності на підставі її

структурних компонентів. Актуальність дослідження явища виражається необхідністю виявити та поясни- ти індивідуально-психологічні особливості самодостатньої особистості, яка могла б впевнено відстоювати

власні позиції; забезпечувати себе власними силами; позначати міру соціального втручання у своє внутрішнє життя, знаходити оптимальне рішення завдань, які з’являються в її діяльності або особистісному розвитку.

Результати дослідження виявили зв’язки між структурними показниками самодостатності авторської ме-

Phenomenology of self-sufficiency in modern science is studied in several planes, particularly in philosophical, re- ligious, ethical, economic and legal frameworks. Thus a very deterministic demand from the psychological dimension isobserved. The topicality of studying the issue of self-sufficiency is reflected in the fact, that the social order to discover- ing this phenomenon emphasizes the need to explain individual psychological characteristics of a person, that could

confidently defend his/her own positions; provide himself/herself by his/her own potential; define a measure of social

intervention in his/her private life, and be able to regain presence of mind in specific difficult situations and find optim- al solutions to problems that appear in his/her work or personal development. Theoretical and methodological analysis

has revealed the problem of insufficient elaboration of psycho-diagnostic tooling in the context of self-sufficiency, and that points to the fact that this phenomenon, being the interest of scientists, was rarely the subject of empirical research.

In this regard, the purpose of the article is to report the results of approbation of author’s method of investigating struc- tural components of self-sufficiency. The methodology of the research of essential self-sufficiency characteristics was

based on the conceptual views of the authors who studied these issues, and psychodiagnostic methods: «NPI (40)» – (Narcissistic Personal Inventory (40), «Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale» (GSES – R. Schwarzer, M. Jerusalem, in the adaptation of V. G. Romek), test determining the level of self-efficacy (J. Maddux, M. Sherer, adaptation of

L. Boyarintseva). The article presents the author’s psychological method (technique) called «The questionnaire of struc- tural components of self-sufficiency». Some features which prove the reliability and validity of the methodology are

explained as well. The results of the study have shown that the essential characteristics of the phenomenon are

represented by the self-sufficiency indicators of self-dependency, independence, self-efficacy, purposefulness, distanc- ing, altruism, autonomy, self-understanding, and thus are included in the test as separate scales. The general indicator of

self-sufficiency is deduced in the test, and integrates all the test indices. The given data of correlation analysis indicates the internal consistency of the component structure of the phenomenon. The correlations of concrete scales-indicators of the elaborated method (all the structure parameters are correlated with each other at 1%), correlations with indices of parallel forms of the test (positive correlation, at the 5% level of significance), and the test-retest (positive correlation at

5%) have been studied as well. The perspectives for the further research are connected with the use of the author’s ques- tionnaire discussed in the article, which in turn will provide an empirical study of structural characteristics of the self- sufficiency phenomenon, expanding knowledge about its development and level of the organization.