Психологічні механізми розвитку емоційного інтелекту

Abstract

У статті теоретично обґрунтовуються психологічні механізми розвитку емоційного інтелекту. В статье теоретически обоснованно психологические механизмы развития эмоционального интеллекта. Psychological mechanisms of the development of emotional intelligence are theoretically grounded in the article. Emotional intelligence is a socially significant integrated feature of the personality, which is directed to understanding own emotions and emotional experiences of others, provides with control of the emotional state, emotions submission to mind and will. The analysis of scientific sources on the study allowed to select several psychological mechanisms of the development of emotional intelligence with the help of which man is capable of perception, understanding own and others' emotions and control them: identification, imitation, emotional infection, reflection, emotional self-regulation, empathy.Identification mechanism lies in setting yourself in the place of other person through the deepening in his/her inner world, feelings and sensations. Hereby authentication predicts identification of the person with another one on the basis of strong emotional connection with her, while imitation is accompanied by certain visible actions, copying models of emotional behavior of others and so on. Imitation is closely related to the mechanism of "emotional infection" – a process in consequence of which a person unconsciously reproduces emotions and feelings, psycho-emotional states of other people with which he/she communicates. Imitation and emotional infection the most vivid reveal in the process of emotional development of infants and preschool children.In the structure of emotional intelligence, we observe reflection as a basic psychological mechanism of intrapersonal emotional intelligence, which provides emotional self-awareness and self-control, and empathy as the primary psychological mechanism of interpersonal emotional intelligence which ensures the success of communication and social interaction.An important psychological mechanism of emotional intelligence is the ability to realize emotional self-regulation, which enables a person more effectively to control emotional state (self-command, one’s feelings, mood, voice), quickly respond to experiences and behaviors of other people, the ability to make the right decisions in a modified, non- standard situation.