Соціальне виховання в епоху Відродження, Реформації та Просвітництва

Abstract

Статтю присвячено проблемі соціального виховання в епоху Відродження, Реформації та Просвітницт- ва. Автор на засадах історико-персоналістичного аналізу висвітлює прогресивні ідеї щодо місії людини на Зем- лі періоду Відродження, провідні ідеї розвитку педагогічної думки епохи Реформації, зростання авторитету

науки щодо активної позиції людини в процесі здійснення суспільних перетворень доби Просвітництва. Не за- лишено поза увагою також вивчення педагогічної думки України ХV-XVI ст., братських шкіл, системи вихо- вання козацької республіки, а також періоду українського національного відродження ХVI-XVIII століття. The article deals with the issue of social education in the epochs of Renaissance, Reformation and Enlightenment. Basing on the historical and personality analysis the author highlights the progressive ideas about human missions on the earth during the era of Renaissance; he focuses on the fact that the scientists of that time paid special attention to the

social component of the educational process. The education in the Renaissance was aimed at the formation of a com- prehensively developed personality, a citizen who will be able to defend the interests of his own country in the future.

Special attention is also paid to the development of pedagogical ideas of the Reformation, namely to the fact that the

leaders of the Reformation movement noted the religious and moral component of the educational process, the imple- mentation of which is possible in terms of creating a special network of educational institutions. The author also reveals

the specifics of the Jesuit system of education that developed espionage and flattery in students; it took away a sense of camaraderie due to the fact that this kind of education was based on the competitiveness. Among the features of the development of educational thought of the Enlightenment it is necessary to note the increase of the authority of science

with respect to the active position of a person in terms of social changes. Besides, the article also highlights the pecu- liarities of education in Ukraine in 15-16th centuries. The views of the representatives of Ukrainian Renaissance on the

education are closely connected with the ideological direction known as the humanistic approach to the education. The author also reveals the educational system of the Kyiv and Lvov communal schools, which contributed to the develop- ment of skills of mutual support, mutual aid to each other and responsibility for one’s own actions. It has been deter- mined that the Cossack system of education was based on the ideas and educational principles of Ukrainian folk’s wis- dom. The author also focuses on the development of educational thought of the Ukrainian Renaissance era within 16-

18th centuries, and concludes that this system of education was aimed at disclosing natural inclinations of each person, the formation of physically fit, spiritually rich patriots of the country.