The formative characteristics of philosophical trends in Аzerbaijan during the middle ages and the philosophical perspectives of Azerbaijani thinkers

Abstract

The article delves into the historical nuances surrounding the formulation and evolution of philosophical currents in Azerbaijan during the Middle Ages. Specifically, it undertakes an exploration of diverse philosophical currents that originated in Azerbaijan prior to the advent of Islam and during the periods marking the inception and progression of Islam. The research systematically investigates the prevalent philosophical currents, elucidating the distinct philosophical viewpoints espoused by their proponents. Moreover, the translation of Ancient Greek philosophical works into Arabic and the consequential role played by Arab-speaking philosophers in the advancement of Logic are subjects of scrutiny. In addition, the article examines contributing factors that facilitated the emergence of novel philosophical perspectives during the medieval epoch, with a particular emphasis on Azerbaijani philosophy. Detailed insights are provided into the philosophical tenets of Azerbaijani thinkers concerning essential aspects such as existence, temporality, the interplay between living and non-living entities, anthropogenesis, human physiology, health paradigms, and perspectives on the world's fauna and flora. The philosophical doctrines and scholarly contributions of notable Azerbaijani philosophers, including Abul-Hasan Bahmanyar Marzbani's son, Eynelqozat Abdulmali Muhammad's son Miyanaji Hamadani, Afzal ad-Din Khunaji, and Siraj ad-Din Urmawi, are subject to comprehensive investigation. The study delineates their philosophical outlooks, scientific accomplishments, innovative insights, and discerns both the commonalities and distinctions within their philosophical currents and perspectives. Ultimately, the research integrates diverse scholarly perspectives, drawing from varied sources to offer a synthesized understanding of the role played by Azerbaijani intellectuals in the development of Logic rooted in Ancient Greek philosophy during the Middle Ages. У статті розглядаються історичні нюанси формування та еволюції філософських течій в Азербайджані в середні віки. Зокрема, він проводить дослідження різноманітних філософських течій, які виникли в Азербайджані до приходу ісламу та протягом періодів, що відзначають зародження та розвиток ісламу. Дослідження систематично досліджує поширені філософські течії, з’ясовуючи різні філософські точки зору, яких дотримуються їхні прихильники. Більше того, переклад давньогрецьких філософських праць на арабську мову та подальша роль арабомовних філософів у розвитку логіки є предметом ретельного вивчення.