Якість життя у часовому контексті: порівняльний аналіз

Abstract

У статті надаються результати емпіричного дослідження, спрямованого на вивчення показників якості життя, що вимірювалися двома зрізами. Встановлено, що якість життя як психологічна категорія може висту пати індикатором та показником стану психологічного благополуччя / неблагополуччя особистості, котре змінюється за часом. Дослідження показників якості життя в часовому контексті підтвердило їх вплив на особистість: в одні періоди часу вони може виступати як стрес-фактори, а в інші – як ресурс-фактори. ors or recourse factors. The methods of observing, questioning, interviewing and testing have been used in the research. The study involved 60 students aged from 20 to 40 years, who were divided into two groups (the students who studied in 2013 and the ones who have been studying in 2016). The following parameters of life quality have been compared: demographic (job, the level of income, education, etc.), social (taking part in social life, the level of satisfaction with a job and the place in the society), psychological (emotional state, presence or absence of some psychological disorders, intelligence, the ability to achieve goals, the level of sexual activity, etc.), physical (working capacity, mobility, ability to deal with everyday routine, etc.). It has been found that the following life quality parameters are considered as stressors for the first group of students: social (the impossibility of having private space), psychological (crisis states, exaggerated sense of guilt, fear, responsibility, sensitivity, etc.). The following life quality parameters are considered as resource factors for them: physical (physical activity, business trips, relaxing, controlled drinking and smoking), psychological (tendency to optimism, self-respect, hierarchy of life values and needs); spiritual (meditation), demographic (career development). The second group of students considers the following parameters as stress factors: psychological (rage in everyday life, pessimistic view of life, etc.), physical (low physical activity, absence of business trips, etc.), social (interpersonal relations with people). These students consider the flowing life quality parameters as resource factors: demographic component (improvement of one’s financial state, career development. etc.), psychological (tendency to optimism, possibility to spend time on their own, etc.), physical (health improvement, drinking no alcohol, etc.). It has been found that life quality as a psychological category can act like an indicator of person’s psychological wealth or ill-being changing with time.