Применение современных методик в коррекции сенсо-моторного развития у детей с органическими поражениями ЦНС

Abstract

В статье представлены эффективные авторские методики, такие как метод Войта (рефлекторная ло комоция) и Бобат (Нейроразвивающая терапия), Кабот (ПНФ) и Козявкина (СИНР), К. А. Семеновой (ДПК) и направление зоотерапия (дельфино- и кинистерапии), тейпирование, общий массаж и гидромассаж, исполь зуемые в коррекции сенсомоторного развития у детей с органическими поражениями центральной нервной системы. Раскрыта новизна, особенности основной структуры и направления метода Бобат терапии, который продолжает развиваться и усовершенствоваться, а так же взаимодействовать и комбинироваться с различными методиками. The article deals with the following efficient techniques: method of Václav Vojta (a reflex locomotion) and Bobath therapy (neurodeveloping therapy), Cabot physical therapy (PNF – proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) and Ko ziavkin method (SINR – system of intensive neurophysiologic rehabilitation), method of move rehabilitation by K.A. Semenova (DPC – dynamic proprioceptive correction) and the direction called zootherapy (a dolphin and kinesithera py), taping, massage and the hydromassage, which are widely used in correction of sensomotor development of children with organic central nervous system defeats. All these methods are widely used in the process of rehabilitation of child ren with the cerebral palsy. These techniques form a complex of correctional methods, which provides the correction of psycho-physical state of sick children. Some innovations and features of the main structure and the basic directions of Bobath therapy, which develops and improves, and interacts and combines with other various techniques, are revealed. Bobath’ neurodevelopmental approach is directed on sensomotor components which are most possibly broken in case of the central nervous system defeat: muscular tone, reflexes, pathological movement models, postural control, sense or gans, perceptions and memory. Bobath therapy teaches the main motor skills with the help of influencing on "the key points of control" (a head, a trunk, shoulders, pelvis, palms, feet), these are the body zones in which durability of recep tors is shown. Influencing on these key points, Bobath therapiest effectively controls and changes poses and movements in those parts of a body where the muscular tonus increases. This technique also includes in skills of self-service, per sonal hygiene, dressing, and even tooth brushing, the proper choice of toys and games. After all it is extremely impor tant to teach a child personal hygiene, considering features of his disease.