Національна ідея в дзеркалі слова

Abstract

У статті йдеться про вирішальну роль мови в реалізації національної ідеї як «цілої культурної програ ми» (Т. Масарик), що передбачає не тільки глибоке усвідомлення своєї національної ідентичності, а й свідо ме змагання в різних ланках духовного життя спільноти – в політиці, господарстві, науці, мистецтві, – з метою виявити, організувати і розвивати власні національні сили. The main aim of the article is to comprehend the meaning of the native language in the development of a national idea, which (according to T. Masaryk) lies in the “whole cultural program”, namely, in the identification, organization and development of the national strength of the community – in politics, economy, science, art, etc. The productivity of the concept ‘spiritual reality’ is being emphasized, which is, in fact, as a language product related to the peculiarities of language optics. The author bases his work on fundamental research studies conducted by O. Potebnia, I. Franko, V. Vernadskyi, E. Fromm, J. Ortega y Gasset, S. Franko, V. Frankl, M. Mamardashvili, G. Gachev, and other authors who touch on various aspects of spiritual reality. It’s national specificity is being revealed based on the works of E. Onatskyi “Ukrainian Emotionality”, O. Kulchytskyi “The Worldview of the Ukrainian”, B. Tsymbalistyi “Family and Soul of the People”, M. Shlemkevych “Soul and Song” (volume “Ukrainian Soul”), monograph written by T. Titarenko “Life of an Individual: Within and Beyond the Everyday Life”, O. Riznykiv’s exploration of “The Ukrainian Language as the Heritage of Millennia”, and the literary works of Ukrainian authors. The inductive method of research made it possible to gather and comment on the most compelling arguments in favor of the fundamental role of language in the realization of a national idea like, for example, consolidation of power, building of the Ukrainian world, connection with spiritual ancestry, usage of the unique experience of ancestors, the significance of speech models of interpretation, etc. All this leads to the conclusion: The people create language, the language gives rise to the national spirit, the national spirit – the national idea, the national idea – the national desire, the national desire – the national will and action.