Проблеми оптимізації української системи спеціальної освіти

Abstract

Стаття присвячена аналізу законодавчої бази щодо оптимізації системи спеціальної освіти в Україні на сучасному етапі. Автором виявлено основні проблеми та перспективи удосконалення навчально-реабілітаційного процесу для дітей з вадами психофізичного розвитку та запропоновано шляхи їх вирішення.The paper deals with the analysis of the legislative framework of the system of special education in Ukraine. There is a need for the optimisation of the system of special educational institutions, which is carried out by means of implementing inclusive education, reducing the number of boarding schools and creating a new type of special institutions (training and rehabilitation centres) for children with special needs. The thing is that according to the regulations on the training and rehabilitation centre, it should be attended by children with complex psychophysiological disorders, but now there are many students studying at such centres who do not fall into this category (for example, children with cerebral palsy who have speech disorders as a secondary defect). At the same time, it will be too difficult for such children to attend inclusive classes. Moreover, the issue about the proper effect of this rehabilitation aid is disputed. Thus,there is a need for specifying a term «children with complex psychophysiological developmental disorders‖ (i.e. subsuming the children who have the man disorder and coexistent psychophysicological disorders into this category). Another way of solving this problem is the increase of the number of students of training and rehabilitation centres, which will make it possible to engage students attending inclusive classes, who will be able to go to rehabilitation centres and obtain efficient medical and rehabilitation service after classes.