Heuristic Techniques as Part of Heuristic Methods and Interaction of Personality Types in their Application

Abstract

The widespread team project method is more effective when used in conjunction with heuristic methods. The large number of heuristic methods and the variety of their descriptions create a problem to prepare students for the use of these methods. A method based on two areas of knowledge – heuristics and psychology – is proposed. The personality types of students STEM specialties according to Myers-Briggs are considered. An analysis of interaction of personality types from the point of view of application of heuristic methods is performed. The survey for percentage composition personality types of student STEM specialties was carried out and predominantly types of student STEM specialties was determine. Heuristic methods are consideration as sum of heuristic techniques and procedure. It is shown that many methods involve the same heuristic techniques and differ only in procedures. A generalized method has been developed that allows replacing most of the methods based on collective discussion. This method included five heuristic techniques: collective discussion, pause between the presentation of ideas and their criticism, random associations, analogy, expert evaluation, using a matrix. This method is mainly aimed at teaching students of STEM specialties. A project team is formed to use the method. The composition of this team includes a discussion group, a criticism group and a expert evaluation group. These groups are formed in accordance with the personal types of participants. The method includes an algorithm for team members to interact when using heuristic techniques and procedures.