Психосоматичні прояви психологічних порушень у дітей, що пережили психотравмуючу ситуацію

Abstract

У статті розкриваються особливості дитячої психосоматики, зокрема проблеми діагностування та значимість підбору ефективних корекційних заходів, надання медичної, психологічної та соціальної допомоги. Розглядається класифікація соматичних захворювань, що прийнята у світовій медичній та психотерапевтичній практиці. Розглянуто механізми виникнення психосоматичних розладів дітей. Відзначено важливість застосування системного інтегративного підходу до вирішення основних завдань, що стоять перед фахівцями у роботі з дітьмWith the deepening of knowledge in the field of Psychophysiology, health psychology and mental activity, scientists are trying to explore the physiological and psychological phenomena and determine the features of the relations between them. This issue has been the subject of many researchers for a long time, so the interest in it is traced back to antiquity. Such researchers as Democritus, Aristotle, Plato were interested in human nature. Nowadays under the conditions of the development of science and technology the interest in psychosomatics is increasing. A system approach to solving the problems of mentality and its physical demonstration is relevant today. The article is aimed at revealing the specificity of childhood Psychosomatics. The researchers acknowledge that it is difficult to systematize and develop a classification of childhood psychosomatic disorders. Yet there are some common classifications recognized by the world community. Most leading scientists understand psychosomatic disorders as a group of diseased states that emerged from the interaction of mental and physical factors; this is a cohesive approach to understanding human health and diseases. Possible causes of occurrence of psychosomatic signs in children and teenagers have been reviewed in the article. Children’s mood is very vulnerable, so they respond to all changes occurring in their environment, and respond to their own stressful events. Due to the inability to verbalize and systematize their experiences, children begin to somatize those events. It has been discovered that in the process of the formation of a healthy personality the leading role is played by the environment. Besides, some protective techniques allowing to diagnose some psychosomatic diseases in children have been also described.